20 лет парламентаризма в Санкт-Петербурге (Издание второе)

Книгу завершают списки литературы и сокращений, поскольку сегодняшние читатели, особенно молодые, не в курсе, что означают многие аббревиатуры, столь привычные уху русских людей старшего возраста.

В качестве иллюстраций использованы фотографии интерьеров Мариинского дворца, сделанные участниками Юбилейного заседания, а также рисунки и фотопортреты, доступные в сети Интернет.

Книга не поступает в продажу, как подарочное и памятное издание, а распространяется исключительно по предварительным заявкам желающих иметь этот уникальный фолиант в своей домашней библиотеке.

THE PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION

On April 3rd 2010, 20 years from the date of the beginning of work of the first session of the Leningrad City Council of People's Deputies (Lensoviet) of XXI convocation have passed. And in commemoration of this historical anniversary on April, 5th, 2010 in Mariinsky palace ceremonial meeting of deputies of Lensoviet on which were present also more than 50 deputies of Russia and Legislation Assembly of all convocations, over 100 journalists, historians, politicians and public figures has taken place.

What makes this event so important for history of our city? In 1990, for the first time in Leningrad, an election of deputies of the main representative organ of authority on an alternative basis has been carried out. The inhabitants of city could independently make their selection from several candidatures but not to vote for the unopposed candidate, gone down on the order of CPSU (Communist Party of the Soviet Union).

Since then, here already more than 20 years, Lensovet of XXI convocation is for many politicians the original standard of democracy, free-thinking, aspiration to independence of authorities, submission only to the Law, instead of party-bureaucratic «the telephone» right.

What Russia in 1990 represented to itself? It is necessary to remind that the communistic system of the power extending in territory of the USSR and the countries of «socialistic» camp was based on domination of Communist Party with the branched out system of bodies. Councils and people representatives making them – deputies were formed by a principle business position and loyalty to the party nomenclature. Power bodies (first of all, KGB, militia, Office of Public Prosecutor) submitted to Communist Party.

The new Russian statehood in 1989–1993 has started to develop in the conditions of a cruel economic crisis and is hardened the political strike in regional elite, regional leaders with Moscow, Union republics with the Allied Center. As a matter of fact, at that time Russia, being a part of the USSR, had no statehood and the sovereignty. Also only on a paper was the separate subject of a federation set and Leningrad (St.-Petersburg), and Lensoviet of previous convocations served only as a screen for party bureaucracy, a certain body of approval decisions, prepared in bowels of Party bodies.

And that has happened in the spring of 1990, it is possible to name a peace democratic revolution with good reason. As a result of Lensoviet activity we see: a new system of the city power, new name and the state symbols of the city, new bourgeois relations in the manufacture sphere, and more valid relation world society to the Northern Capital.

About a historical heritage of Lensoviet, deputies of Lensoviet, modern politicians, historians spoke about development of democracy and problems of St.-Petersburg from a high tribune of the Big hall in a Mariinsky palace. By June, 2010 we have prepared for the publication the stenografic report on Anniversary session, having included in the book the press digest, publicism and memoirs of deputies of Lensoviet.

Has passed a few times after an exit of Book advance copy, become by a curiosity, versions of this book, and we bring to your attention already the second edition corrected and added.

And in what of is difference? Whether only is in color of covers?

Having listened to remarks and offers of readers, especially, those from them who in 90th years of the last century were deputies, we have essentially expanded a range of the presented materials, documents, publicism. And a number of the sources accessible in a network the Internet, for economy of a place, in the present edition are excluded.

Head «Deputy notes» is re-structured. Independent head «Under a shade of Sobchak» is allocated. Are corrected admitted in the first edition factologic and technical errors. For example, in the first edition it is told that anybody from deputies of Lensoviet for merits in democracy development hasn't been awarded. It appears, someone from deputies of Lensoviet nevertheless has received a medal «Defender of free Russia». The deputy B.A.Kurkova in 1993 by this medal was awarded, being nominated actually as head of All-Russia State Television and Radio Company.

The book contains lists of references and reductions, as today's readers, especially young, are not familiar with many abbreviations so habitual to an ear of Russian people of older age.

As illustrations photos of interiors of the Mariinsky palace made by participants of Anniversary session and also drawings and the photographs accessible in a network the Internet are used.

The book doesn't go on sale as the gift and memorable edition but extends exclusively under forward orderings if you wish to have this unique volume in the house library.

КРАТКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ ЛЕНСОВЕТА

Рожденный революцией

Ленсовет (Ленинградский горсовет народных депутатов) — высший орган власти на территории Ленинграда. По Конституции РСФСР депутаты, избранные всенародным голосованием, принимали Решения, юридически равносильные законам, сами их исполняли, сами же и контролировали исполнение собственных решений чиновниками государственных учреждений и гражданами. Таким образом, теоретически вся власть принадлежала Совету, народным избранникам – депутатам. Поэтому мы и пишем, что Ленсовет – высший орган власти, а не только высший орган представительной власти, как следовало бы указывать, будь в России до 1990 года реальное разделение властей, установленное в цивилизованных странах Запада.

Фактически же власть в городе (и во всей стране) принадлежала партийным структурам - партийно-хозяйственной номенклатуре. Угроза: «Депутатский мандат отберут!» - ни в одном художественном произведении или историческом документе, как мне кажется, не упоминается. А вот: «Партийный билет положишь!» - звучит в нашей памяти куда чаще и грознее.

Ленсовет ведёт свою историю с 1917 года. Тогда этот представительный орган восставшего против самодержавия народа назывался Петросовет. Петросоветом его именовали и два последних года существования, спустя 76 лет после рождения. Не удивительно ли такое?