Российская империя в сравнительной перспективе
Шрифт:
13 Whiteside A. The Socialism of Fools: Georg Rittervon Sch"onerer and Austrian Pan-Germanism. Berkeley, 1975.
14 LandauJ.M. The Politics of Pan-Islam. Ideology and organization. Oxford, 1988; Mardin S. The Genesis of Young Ottoman Thought: A Study In the Modernization of Turkish Political Ideas. Princeton, 1962.
15 Bennigsen AI. Panturkism and Panislamism In History and Today // Central Asian Survey. 1985. P. 39–68; Landau J.M. Op. cit.
16 Weber M. Economy and Society / Ed. by G. Roth, Cl. Wittich. Berkeley, 1978. P. 973.
17 Tilly Ch. Coercion, Capital, and European States AD 1990–1992. L., 1992.
18 Salzman A. An Ancient regime Revisited: «Privatization» and Political Economy. In the Eighteenth Century Ottoman Empire // Politics and Society. 1993. № 4. P. 393–423.
19 Tilly Ch. Op. cit. P. 99–103.
20 Khoury D.R. Administrative Practice between Religious Law (Shari’a) and State Law (Kanun) on the Eastern Frontiers of the Ottoman Empires //Journal of Early Modern History. 2001. P. 305–320.
21 Togan Isenbike. Ottoman History by Inner Asian Norms // New approaches to State and peasant In Ottoman History / Ed. by H. Berktay, S. Faroqui. 1992. P. 185–210.
22 Davidson R. Reform In the Ottoman Empire, 1856–1876. Princeton, 1963. P. 43–45,92-98,115–120,362-390,407.
23 Mardin S. Op. cit. Особенно гл. 4.
24 Lewis В. The Emergence of Modern Turkey. L„1961. Особенно гл. 5.
25 Heindl W. Gehorsame Rebellen: B"urokratie und Beamte In "Osterreich, 1780 bis 1848. Vienna, 1991.
26 BoyerJ. Political Radicalism In Late Imperial Vienna. Chicago, 1981. P. 4–5.
27 BoyerJ. Freud, Marriage and Late Viennese Liberalism:
A Commentary from 1905 //Journal of Modern History. 1978. March. № 2. P. 72–74.
28 BoyerJ. Political Radicalism… P. 278–280.
29 Cohen G.B. Neither Absolutism nor Anarchy. New Narratives on Society and government In Imperial Austria, 1848–1918. West Lafayette (Ind.), 1996. P. 108–126.
30 BoyerJ. Political Radicalism… P. 293–294,304-305,349–352,415-416.
31 Plavsic B. Seventeenth Century Chanceries and Their Staffs // Russian Officialdom: The Bureaucratization of Russian History from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century / Ed. by W.M. Pinter, D.K. Rowney. Chapel Hill, 1980. P. 19–45.
32 Pinter W.M. The Evolution of Civil Officialdom, 1755–1855 // Ibid. P. 190–226; Lincoln B. In the Vanguard of Reform: Russian’s Enlightened Bureaucrats, 1825–1861. De Kalb (111.), 1982.
33 Рибер А. Групповые интересы в борьбе вокруг Великих реформ // Великие реформы в России, 1856–1874 / Под ред. Л.Г. Захаровой и др. М., 1992 С. 44–72.
34 RobbinsR.G.Jr. The Tsar’s Viceroys. Russian Provincial Governors In the Last Years of the Empire. Ithaca, 1987. Особенно гл. 9.
35 Lieven D. Empire: The Russian Empire and Its Rivals. New Haven, 2000. P. 283. В середине столетия от 15 % до 20 % центральной бюрократии состояло из немцев и поляков. См.: Pinter W.M. Op. cit. P. 207–208.
36 MaceyD.AJ. Government and Peasant In Russia, 1861–1906: The Prehistory of the Stolypin Reforms. De Kalb, 1987. P. 44–68.
37 См., например: Yaney G. The Systematization of Russian Government: Social Evolution In the Domestic Administration of Imperial Russia, 1711–1905. Urbana, 1973: Lieven D. Op. cit.
38 См., например: RaeffM. The Bureaucratic Phenomena of Imperial Russia, 1700–1905 // American Historical Review. 1979. Vol. 84. April; Vertier A.M. The Crisis of Russian Autocracy. Nicholas II and the 1905 Revolution. Princeton, 1990; Russian Officialdom…
39 McDonald D.M. United Government and the Crisis of Autocracy, 1905–1914 // Reform in modern Russian history: progress or cycle? / Ed. and translated by T. Taranovski. Washington (D.C.), 1995. P. 208–212; VemerA.M. Op. cit. Особенно гл. г.
40 RieberA. Frontiers In History // International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Oxford, 2001. P. 5812–5819.
41 Bracewell W. The Uskoks In Senj. Ithaca, 1992; Kaser K. Freier Bauer und Soldat. Die Militarisirung der agrarischen Gesellschaft In der ktoatisch-slawonischen Militargrenze, 1535–1881. Vienna, 1997; Barrett Th.M. At the Edge of Empire. The Terek Cossacks and the North Caucasus Frontier, 1700–1860. Boulder, 1999.
42 Критический обзор литературы по данному вопросу см.: Heywood С. The Frontier In Ottoman History. Old Ideas and New Myths // Frontiers In Question. Eurasian Borderlands, 700-1700 / Ed. by D. Power, N.L. Standen. 1999. P. 228–250.
43 Aksan V.H. Locating the Ottomans Among Early Modern Empires // Journal of Early Modern History. 1999. № 3. P. 121, 130–131.
44 Stojanovich T. Factors of decline of Ottoman Society In the Balkans // Slavic Review. 1962. December. № 4. P. 630–632.
45 Rogan E.L. Frontiers of the State In the Late Ottoman Empire, Transjordan, 1850–1921. Cambridge, 1999. P. 12–20.
46 Kortepeter C.M. Ottoman Imperialism during the Reformation: Europe and the Caucasus. N.Y., 1972.
47 Weeks Th.R. Nation and State In Late Imperial Russia: Nationalism and Russification on the Western Frontier, 1863–1914. De Kalb, 1996:
Suny R.G. Looking Toward Ararat: Armenia In Modern History. Bloomington, 1993. P. 44–47.