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3. Suzanne Chantal, La Vie Quotidienne au Portugal apr`es le Tremblement de Terre de Lisbonne de 1755 (Paris, 1962), 245.

4. Dec. 24, 1647, Yorkshire Diaries & Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Durham, Eng., 1886), 81–82; Jan. 5,1763, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell's London Journal, 1762–1763 (New York, 1950), 125; Aug. 7—31, 1732, Clegg, Diary, 1, 151–152.

5. Samuel Briggs, The Essays, Humor, and Poems of Nathaniel Ames, Father and Son, of Dedham, Massachusetts, from Their Almanacks, 1726–1775 (Cleveland, 1891), 67; May 21,1707, Cowper, Diary; Robert W. Malcolmson, Life and Labour in England, 1700–1780 (New York, 1981), 95–96; Burke, Popular Culture, Robert Muchembled, Popular Culture and Elite Culture in France, 1400–1750, trans. Lydia Cochrane (Baton Rouge, 1985), 1-107.

6. Rousseau, Emile: or On Education, trans. Allan Bloom (New York, 1979), 63.

7. Bacon, Essays (Oxford, 1930), 3; Le Loyer, Specters, fo. 105; Lucretius, On the Nature of Things: De Rerum Natura, ed. and trans. Anthony M. Esolen (Baltimore, 1995), 93; Leon Battista Alberti, The Family in Renaissance Florence, trans. Ren'ee Neu Watkins (Columbia, S. C, 1969), 63.

8. Bacon, Essays, 3; Scott, Witchcraft, 139; Herman W. Roodenburg, "The Autobiography of Isabella de Moerloose: Sex, Childrearing, and Popular Belief in Seventeenth Century Holland," JSH 18 (1985), 522, 521, 523–524; Rudolf Dekker, Childhood, Memory and Autobiography in Holland: From the Golden Age to Romanticism (New York, 2000), 28, 81–84; Mark Motley, Becoming a French Aristocrat: The Education of the Court Nobility, 1580–1715 (Princeton, N. J., 1990), 48–49.

9. H. C. Barnard, trans., F'enelon on Education (Cambridge, 1966), 8; Pinkerton, Travels, II, 757; Timothy J. Casey, ed., Jean Paul: A Reader, trans. Erika Casey (Baltimore, 1992), 339; Olwen Hufton, "Women, Work, and Family," in HWW Ш, 40; Linda A. Pollock, "Parent-Child Relations," in FLEMT, 197.

10. Thomas Bewick, A Memoir of Thomas Bewick, ed. Iain Bain (London, 1975), 16.

11. Dialogues on the Passions, Habits, and Affections Peculiar to Children… (London, 1748), 40; William Hazlitt and Abridge Colby, eds., The Life of Thomas Holcroft (New York, 1968), 1, 14–15. См. также: Hibernicus; or Memoirs of an Irishman… (Pittsburgh, 1828).

12. Rousseau, Emile, trans. Bloom, 137; Mollie Harris, A Kind of Magic (London, 1969), 104–105; Restif de la Bretonne, Monsieur Nicolas; or, the Human Heart Laid Bare (London, 1966), 29; Autobiography of John Younger, Shoemaker, St. Boswells (Kelso, Eng., 1881), 45; Mrs. Laura M., Oct. 7,14,1938, "Game Songs and Rhymes," American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936–1940, Manuscripts Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; Percy B. Green, A History of Nursery Rhymes (1899; rpt. edn., Detroit, 1968), 78–80.

13. Thomas Balston, The Life of Jonathan Martin… (London, 1945), 3. См. также, например: Joseph Bougerel, Vie de Pierre Gassendi… (1737; rpt. edn., Geneva, 1970), 3.

14. Tornano, Proverbi, 171.

15. Mar. 7, 1787, Diary of Dr. Samuel Adams, Diary, 1758–1819, New York Public Library; Jan. 4,1705, Cowper, Diary.

16. Griffiths, Youth, 135; Robert Morgan, My Lamp Still Burns (Llandysul, Wales, 1981), 64; Br"aker, Life, 57–58, 63, 67; M'en'etra, Journal, 24; Valentin Jamerey-Duval, M'emoires: Enfance et 'Education d'un Paysan au XVIIIe Si`ecle, ed. Jean Marie Goulemot (Paris, 1981), 114; Pounds, Culture, 273–274,409.

17. Joachim Shl^or, Nights in the Big City: Paris, Berlin, London 1840–1930, trans. Pierre Gottfried Imhof and Dafydd Rees Roberts (London, 1998), 57; Alberti, Family in Renaissance Florence, trans. Watkins, 107.

18. PG, Feb. 11, 1789.

19. OED, s.v. "cat's eye"; T. Row, "Hints for Constructing Glasses to Shew Objects in the Night," GM, 1777, 59; Lorus Johnson Milne and Margery Joan Milne, The World of Night (New York, 1956), 8–9; Faber Birren, The Power of Color… (Secaucus, N.J., 1997), 228–229. См. также: С. E. Roybet, ed., Les Ser'ees de Guillaume Bouchet Sieur de Brocourt (Paris, 1874), Ш, 238–239.

20. John Caspall, Making Fire and Light in the Home Pre-1820 (Woodbridge, Eng., 1987), 223–227; O'Dea, Lighting, 70–76.

21. Nov. 15, 1729, Sanderson, Diary, 30; OBP, Apr. 4, 1733, 119; Thomas Wright, The Homes of Other Days: A History of Domestic Manners and Sentiments in England… (New York, 1871), 460.

22. Eric Partridge, A Dictionary of the Underworld… (New York, 1950), 448; Eug`ene Defrance, Histoire de T'Elclairage des Rues de Paris (Paris, 1904), 30–33; Christopher Hibbert, Venice: The Biography of a City (New York, 1989), 166; Jeremy D. Popkin, ed., Panorama of Paris: Selections from Le Tableau de Paris, Louis-S'ebastien Mercier (University Park, Pa., 1999), 132.

23. Defoe, Second Thoughts Are Best… (London, 1729), 15; G. C. Faber, ed., The Poetical Works of John Gay… (London, 1926), 81; Popkin, ed., Panorama of Paris, 132; The Novels and Miscellaneous Works of Daniel Defoe (London, 1885), 515.

24. OBP, Oct. 4,1719,5.

25. Donald E. Crawford, ed., Journals of Sir John Lauder (Edinburgh, 1900), 120; Harry Ross-Lewin, With "The Thirty-Second" in the Peninsular and other Campaigns, ed. John Wardell (Dublin, 1904), 146.

26. Tornano, Proverbi, 89; Shakespeare, Venus and Adonis, 825–826. Местные власти также старались ограничивать использование факелов. Из-за угрозы возникновения пожара от открытого пламени в городах конца XVII века предпочтение отдавалось фонарям. В 1725 году в Стокгольм? факелы были оставлены только для использования королевской семьей. Matthiessen, Natten, 28.

27. Tilley, Proverbs in England, 471; Anne Elizabeth Baker, comp. Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases… (London, 1854), 95; G. F. Northall, comp., A Warwickshire Word-Book… (1896; rpt. edn., Vaduz, Liecht, 1965), 167; J. W. Goethe, Italian Journey, 1786–1788 (New York, 1968), 325; OED, s. v. "night-sun."

28. Victor Hugo Paltsits, "Journal of Benjamin Mifflin on a Tour from Philadelphia to Delaware and Maryland, July 26 to Aug. 14, 1762," Bulletin of the New York Public Library 39 (1935), 438; Mary Yates, Dec. 11,1764, Assi 45/28/1/16.

29. William Dickinson, comp., A Glossary of Words and Phrases Pertaining to the Dialect of Cumberland (London, 1878), 103; OBP, Sept. 15–18,1762,164; Street Lighting Manual. Prepared by the Street and Highway Lighting Committee of the Edison Electric Institute (New York, 1969), 63–64; Milne and Milne, World of Night, 10.

30. Robert Bator, Masterworks of Children 's Literature, 1740–1836: The Middle Period (New York, 1983), 254; "A. B.," SJC, Sept. 13, 1764; Margaret Spufford, Small Booh and Pleasant Histories: Popular Fiction and Its Readership in Seventeenth-Century England (Athens, Ga., 1981), 2; Michael O'Malley, "Time, Work and Task Orientation: A Critique of American Historiography," Time & Society 1 (1992), 350.