Восхождение денег

32 Marc Flandreau and Frederic Zumer, The Making of Global Tinance, 1880–1913 (Paris, 2004).

33 Ferguson and Schularick, ‘Empire Effect’. Pp. 283–312.

34 Подробнее эта тема раскрывается в статье: Niall Ferguson, ‘Political Risk and the International Bond Market between the 1848 Revolution and the Outbreak of the First World War’, Economic History Review, 59, 1 (February 2006). Pp. 70-112.

35 Jean de [Ivan] Bloch, Is War Now Impossible? trans. R. C. Long (London, 1899). P. XVII.

36 Norman Angell, The Great Illusion: A Study of the Relation of Military Power in Nations to their Economic and Social Advantage (London, 1910). P. 31.

37 Цитата взята из: James J. Sheehan, Where Have all the Soldiers Gone?

38 О. M. W Sprague, ‘The Crisis of 1914 in the United States’, American Economic Review, 5, 3 (1915). Pp. 505ff.

39 Brendan Brown, Monetary Chaos in Europe: The End of an Era (London/New York, 1988). Pp. 1-34.

40 John Maynard Keynes, ‘War and the Financial System’, Economic Journal, 24, 9j (1914). Pp. 460–486.

41 E. Victor Morgan, Studies in British Financial Policy, 1914–1915 (London, 1952). Pp. 3-11.

42 Ibid., p. 27. См. также: Teresa Seabourne, ‘The Summer of 1914’, in Forrest Capie and Geoffrey E. Wood (eds.), Financial Crises and the World Banking System (London, 1986). Pp. 78, 88.

43 Sprague, ‘Crisis of 1914’. P. 532.

44 Morgan, Studies. P. 19.

45 Seabourne, ‘Summer of 1914’. Pp. 8off.

46 См. (из последних работ): William L. Silber, When Washington Shut Down Wall Street: The Great Financial Crisis of 1914 and the Origins of America's Monetary Supremacy (Princeton, 2007).

47 Morgan, Studies. Pp. 12–23.

48 David Kynaston, The City of London, vol. Ill: Illusions of Gold, 1914–1945 (London, 1999). P. 5.

49 Подсчитано на основе разрозненных упоминаний о ценах в газете The Times между августом и декабрем 1914 года.

50 Kynaston, City of London. P. 5.

51 Подробнее см.: Niall Ferguson, ‘Earning from History: Financial Markets and the Approach of World Wars’, Brookings Papers in Economic Activity (forthcoming).

52 Cm.: Lyndon Moore and Jakub Kaluzny, ‘Regime Change and Debt Default: The Case of Russia, Austro-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire following World War One’, Explorations in Economic History, 42 (2005). Pp. 237–258.

53 Maurice Obstfeld and Alan M. Taylor, ‘The Great Depression as a Watershed: International Capital Mobility over the Long Run’, in Michael D. Bordo, Claudia Goldin and Eugene N. White (eds.), The Defining Moment: The Great Depression and the American Economy in the Twentieth Century (Chicago, 1998). Pp. 353–402.

54 Rawi Abdelal, Capital Rules: The Construction of Global Finance (Cambridge, MA./London, 2007). P. 45.

55 Ibid., p. 46.

56 Greg Behrman, The Most Noble Adventure: The Marshall Plan and the Time when America Helped Save Europe (New York, 2007).

57 Obstfeld and Taylor, ‘Globalization and Capital Markets’. P. 129.

58 Cm.: William Easterly, The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics (Cambridge, MA., 2002).

59 Michael Bordo, ‘The Bretton Woods International Monetary System: A Historical Overview’, in idem and Barry Eichengreen (eds.), A Retrospective on the Bretton Woods System: Lessons for International Monetary Reform (Chicago / London, 1993). Pp. 3-98.

60 Christopher S. Chiwis, ‘Charles de Gaulle, Jacques Rueff and French International Monetary Policy under Bretton Woods’, Journal of Contemporary History, 41, 4 (2006). Pp. 701–720.

61 Интервью с Эми Гудмен: http://www.democracynow.org/article. plfsid=04/11/09/1526251.

62 John Perkins, Confessions of an Economic Hit Man (New York, 2004).P. xi.

63 Joseph E. Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents (New York, 2002). Pp. 12, 14, 15, 17.

64 Abdelal, Capital Rules. Pp. 50, 57–75.

65 Paul Krugman, The Return of Depression Economics (London, 1999).

66 ‘The Fund Bites Back’, The Economist, 4.7.2002.

67 Kenneth Rogoff, ‘The Sisters at 60", The Economist, 22.7.2004. См. также: ‘Not Even a Cat to Rescue’, The Economist, 20.4.2006.

68 См. классический труд: Fritz Stern, Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichroder and the Building of the German Empire (Harmondsworth, 1987).

69 George Soros, The Alchemy of Finance: Reading the Mind of the Market (New York, 1987). Pp. 27–30.

70 Robert Slater, Soros: The Life, Times and Trading Secrets of the World's Greatest Investor (New York, 1996). P. 48.

71 George Soros, The New Paradigm for Financial Markets: The Credit Crash of 2008 and What It Means (New York, 2008). P. x.

72 Slater, Soros. P. 78.

73 Ibid., pp. 105, i07ff.

74 Ibid., p. 172.

75 Ibid., pp. 177, 182, 188.

76 Ibid., p. 10.

77 Ibid., p. 159.

78 Nicholas Dunbar, Inventing Money: The Story of Long-Term Capital Management and the Legends Behind It (New York, 2000). P. 92.

79 Dunbar, Inventing Money. Pp. 168–173.

80 Andre F. Perold, ‘Long-Term Capital Management, L.P. (A)’, Harvard Business School Case 9-200-007 (5.11.1999). P. 2.

81 Ibid., p. 13.

82 Ibid., p. 16.